Free Essays on Clinical Case Study Hypertension

Clinical Case Study-Hypertension- Name: Age: 66 Gender: Female Symptoms and complaints reported: Abrupt loss of vision and difficulty speaking. Reported sudden loss of strength and co-ordination(mostly in left side)accompanied by loss of balance. [The patient had suffered a stroke]. Because the clinical manifestations of hypertension cannot be diagnosed, it can only be recognized when complications occur in target organs, such as the heart in this instance. Medical History: Has history of high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Sedentary lifestyle. Heavy smoker. Absence of all other major illnesses noted. Family History: No siblings. Father is a heavy smoker and has had two strokes in the past three years. Mother suffers from obesity. Grandparents died of old age and not of a major illness. No other major illness noted. Social History: No heavy drinking. Smokes 2-3 packs of light cigarettes daily. Sedentary lifestyle. Lives alone. Works full time as sales executive. Physical assessment: High blood pressure of 130/95. High cholesterol. Overweight (height is 180cm at 120kgs. Pulse is 95bpm. Temperature is 36.6C. Respiratory rate is 18. Patient is somewhat confused and suffers from blurred vision, slurred speech and loss of balance. Tests: CT scan (Computed tomography (CT) scans are completed with the use of a 360-degree x-ray beam and computer production of images. These scans allow for cross-sectional views of body organs and tissues. CT scans are used to image a wide variety of body structures and internal organs. Since the 1990s, CT equipment has become more affordable and available. In some diagnoses, CT scans have become the first imaging exam of choice. Because the computerized image is so sharp, focused, and three-dimensional, many tissues can be better differentiated than on standard x rays. Common CT indications include: Â · Sinus studies. The CT scan can show details of a sinusitis, and bone fractures. Physician... Free Essays on Clinical Case Study Hypertension Free Essays on Clinical Case Study Hypertension Clinical Case Study-Hypertension- Name: Age: 66 Gender: Female Symptoms and complaints reported: Abrupt loss of vision and difficulty speaking. Reported sudden loss of strength and co-ordination(mostly in left side)accompanied by loss of balance. [The patient had suffered a stroke]. Because the clinical manifestations of hypertension cannot be diagnosed, it can only be recognized when complications occur in target organs, such as the heart in this instance. Medical History: Has history of high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Sedentary lifestyle. Heavy smoker. Absence of all other major illnesses noted. Family History: No siblings. Father is a heavy smoker and has had two strokes in the past three years. Mother suffers from obesity. Grandparents died of old age and not of a major illness. No other major illness noted. Social History: No heavy drinking. Smokes 2-3 packs of light cigarettes daily. Sedentary lifestyle. Lives alone. Works full time as sales executive. Physical assessment: High blood pressure of 130/95. High cholesterol. Overweight (height is 180cm at 120kgs. Pulse is 95bpm. Temperature is 36.6C. Respiratory rate is 18. Patient is somewhat confused and suffers from blurred vision, slurred speech and loss of balance. Tests: CT scan (Computed tomography (CT) scans are completed with the use of a 360-degree x-ray beam and computer production of images. These scans allow for cross-sectional views of body organs and tissues. CT scans are used to image a wide variety of body structures and internal organs. Since the 1990s, CT equipment has become more affordable and available. In some diagnoses, CT scans have become the first imaging exam of choice. Because the computerized image is so sharp, focused, and three-dimensional, many tissues can be better differentiated than on standard x rays. Common CT indications include: Â · Sinus studies. The CT scan can show details of a sinusitis, and bone fractures. Physician...

How to become a legal secretary

How to become a legal secretary Some fields come with perennial job openings, because basic human needs don’t change very much- healthcare and education come to mind. The legal world is like this as well. It’s an industry that will always be necessary. And if you don’t have or want a law degree, don’t worry! That’s not a barrier to breaking into the field (unless your goal is to be a practicing attorney). If you have stellar organizational skills and an interest in the law, you can break into the industry as a legal secretary. Let’s look at the basic building blocks of this career path.What’s the difference between paralegals and legal secretaries?In the legal world, there are a number of non-attorney legal professionals in supporting roles who work for law firms, legal clinics, and government agencies as part of the legal team. These roles are typically broken out into two types:Legal secretary/assistants: Legal secretaries may organize and file legal documents or c ase research, but their primary role is to support the lawyers administratively. This can include managing calendars, scheduling appointments, performing many of the same tasks as an administrative professional in virtually every other industry. There’s no specific degree typically required to become a legal secretary, but associate’s degrees are fairly common.Paralegals: Paralegals focus more on the legal aspects of the supporting role. The paralegal is more likely to work directly with clients, taking and giving information, managing depositions or other legal meetings, and conducting research. Paralegals typically hold a four-year degree in paralegal studies.What does a legal secretary do?Legal secretaries are responsible for managing an attorney’s day-to-day office life. That may include the following responsibilities:Maintaining attorney schedules, scheduling appointmentsDrafting correspondence and legal documents (such as briefs, subpoenas, or motions)Mana ging and ordering office suppliesAnswering phones and emailGreeting clientsFiling legal and administrative documentsCopying, scanning, and faxing legal documentsAssisting with research and reading legal journals or materialsReviewing and proofreading legal documentsLegal secretaries typically work full-time in an office setting, though the number of hours can vary depending on the needs of the firm or legal office.What skills do legal secretaries have?Legal secretaries need to have a very strong administrative skill set to succeed at their jobs. Legal skills and context can be learned, but without that basis of organization and management, a legal secretary would find him- or herself feeling very challenged by the day-to-day work.Organizational Skills:  Legal secretaries are largely responsible for keeping attorneys (and their work) organized. Being detail-oriented is a must, because even small slips or carelessness could have serious legal consequences.Discretion:  Legal inform ation is often privileged information, so the legal secretary needs to be someone who can be trusted with confidential info. Again, breaches of this trust can lead to legal consequences, so being able to keep work at work and being discreet about information learned in the course of the job are essential to the legal secretary’s job.Time Management:  Attorneys often have hectic schedules full of client appointments, court dates, and other important meetings. The legal world is also based very heavily on deadlines. If the legal secretary doesn’t have tight control over making sure things are happening on time, that can put projects or cases at risk.People Skills:  The legal secretary is often the initial go-between for attorneys, legal staff and their clients, making appointments and greeting clients who come in. A friendly, professional demeanor when dealing with guests or colleagues is essential. Legal issues can also be stressful for clients and legal staff alike , so a calm â€Å"bedside manner† can be a very helpful asset in this role.Technology Skills:  Being up-to-date on standard administrative tools like word processing, email clients, presentation software/apps, productivity apps, and digital filing systems is a must for legal secretaries. There will likely be paper-based filing for certain things (especially confidential information), but as the world becomes more digital in general, legal secretaries should be well-versed and adaptable when it comes to using technology in their everyday work.Communication Skills:  Clear, solid written and verbal communication skills are a cornerstone for legal assistants- especially for legal correspondence and documents. Details are important always, but in legal matters they can mean everything. Legal secretaries may also work on proofreading or editing legal documents for attorneys, so having a critical, knowledgeable eye for language and grammar is important.Teamwork:  Everyone who works on a case is part of the team- from the attorney to the secretary to the paralegals and research assistants. Everyone has a common goal of providing the best possible legal work and representation, so there’s little room for diva behavior. Legal secretaries should be adept at working with different kinds of people to make sure projects and cases are being worked on with maximum efficiency and minimum drama.What do you need to become a legal secretary?For many legal secretary jobs, there is no formal degree requirement, though many employers may prefer at least an associate’s degree in a legal studies field. There are also no specific licensing or certification requirements for the job, but there are a number of professional certification options for legal secretaries who want to take the extra step; the National Association for Legal Secretaries (NALS) and Legal Secretaries International both offer certificate programs.How much do legal secretaries get paid?Accor ding to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, legal secretaries make a median annual salary of $44,180, which is higher than the median annual salary for other types of secretaries and administrative assistants ($37,320).What’s the outlook for legal secretaries?For legal secretaries/assistants and paralegals, the number of job openings is expected to grow by 16% by 2026, which is not only much faster than average for all jobs, but also significantly faster than non-legal secretary jobs (which are expected to dip by about 5% over the same period).If you’re thinking about this exciting career path and have a passion for details, it could be your ideal path into the legal industry. Once you’ve gained experience as a legal secretary, you can use that as a stepping stone to becoming a paralegal, or maybe even decide to become an attorney yourself! Whatever your goals, it’s a solid administrative role that can bring satisfaction and job security.

Middle East culture in business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Middle East culture in business - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that in this age of globalization, partnerships and outsourcing are becoming to be the model of businesses.   In this deal, it is important to try and learn the customs and traditions of the country, one has to deal with so as not to offend the hosts. The Middle East is a very large group of diverse culture. The researcher will begin with the discussion of religion.   Religion is a way life for the Muslims, and it has an important bearing when doing business with them.   Muslims pray five times a day, so sometimes, in meetings, they have to be excused. Employers should also understand that Muslim employees have to leave their workplace on Friday afternoons for the mosque.  Ã‚   In contrast, religious practices of Christians found in the Western and Asian culture do not interfere with business because they do only go to Church on Sundays and special occasions and has no need to leave their places when praying. Like the Islam nations, Western faith is based on the Bible. It is not good to do business with Muslims during their celebration of the holy month of Ramadan because businesses are closed and they tend to spend the holidays with their families or at their holy shrine. They observe fasting from dawn to dusk and extensively engaged in their worship, so business must wait as it becomes their second priority.   The month of Ramadan is observed every tenth month of the Islamic calendar. Westerns do not observe this month-long religious activity that often interferes with business.

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 17

Final - Essay Example Then, in an essay that synthesizes at least four of the six provided sources for support, take a position that qualifies the claim that GMO should be discouraged because it is a probable health risk and an environmental hazard. This article presents an assessment of the effect GMO technology is having on global agriculture from both economic and environmental perspectives. The article seems to assert that there could be a possibility of having positive economic impact when all factors are put into consideration. This source is significantly resourceful in presenting counterargument when discussing the negative impacts of GMO technology. This article highlights some of the widely argued biomedical risks of GM foods such as potential allergenicity, and most importantly, horizontal gene transfer. The source also discusses the environmental side effects on biodiversity. Since the source also discusses the benefits of the first generation of GM foods, then a good comparison can be made from the same source. This source gives a clear list of reasons why GMOs should not be used. The article highlights little knowledge on GMOs as one of the issues challenging use of GMOs. Increased pesticide use is also a notable cause for alarm on use of GMO. This source gives a quick peek. However, it offers a good start into more indepth research

The Southern Stereotype Essay Example for Free

The Southern Stereotype Essay Ever since Scarlett O’Hara struggled to find love and Andy Taylor was elected Mayberry’s Sheriff, filmmakers and television producers have yet to lose any fondness for stereotyping the southern culture. There are many who despise any form of labeling or stereotyping within the media, fearing false characterizations or inaccurate portrayals of southern customs, traditions, and people. Exposure to southern stereotypes through media is an appealing element in the American lifestyle that can render endearing impressions, contribute genuine metaphors, and provide viewers with a unique and fascinating (whether positive or negative) glimpse toward a regional culture. The mass media, or media at large, would include motion picture makers, television producers, news programs, newspapers, radio, magazines, or any source which has the capability to deliver images or messages to the masses. It seems to be common knowledge that the mass media has inundated homes all across the fruited plain for decades with images of southern stereotypes. Ask a few dozen strangers to describe a southerner in sixty seconds or less and the common descriptions most may have of southern folks are reasonably unsurprising. A few details that come to mind when describing a southerner may include the following: a strong accent or drawl, ignorant, lazy, a barefoot mountain person, an inbred, a hillbilly with buck teeth and overalls, a hick with a pick-up truck and a gun rack, and a moonshiner with a big beer belly. Most will also agree that the mental figures or perceptions on hand are those branded in the brain by the mass media, film makers, and theatre companies. â€Å"When you think of stereotypes, you often only think of negative ones. There are also positive stereotypes – the South being a land of nature and holding onto traditions,† said Tom Hanchett, staff historian at the Levine Museum of the New South. (Baldwin 1-2). Hillbilly, country bumpkin, cracker, trailer trash, and redneck are all common labels given or used to perpetuate the southern stereotype. Notwithstanding the practice of political correctness teeming in today’s culture, is considered tolerable and acceptable by movie makers and the media to ridicule those who may fall within the parameters of what is termed as the classic southern stereotype. These are pointed descriptions, but they are true and the American culture loves (and loves to hate) the southern stereotype and it is here to stay. Now what about those who may have that southern stereotypical drawl? Southern accents do not make one stupid; being stupid does. Southerners should be proud of the southern accent. However, the media has managed to cause dismay among many southerners who possess the engaging and attractive drawl. Should a visitor traveling to North Dakota, view a Fargo native as stupid or ignorant because of the distinct accent heard there? Should a North Dakota resident ridicule a person from the Bronx because of the peculiar accent heard there? Somehow people are ashamed of their unique speech patterns rather than being proud of a colloquial accent. The southern stereotype will be here for a long time to come, so love it and embrace it. According to Jack G. Shaheen in his essay titled, â€Å"The Media’s Image of Arabs,† Hollywood producers must have instant kits that contain sunglasses, Arab clothing, tents, and mosques in order to provide a snapshot of Hollywood’s stereotypical Arab (99). Undoubtedly, the same holds true when depicting the typical southern example. Whether one considers it right or wrong, Hollywood, along with the mass media, has poured countless whimsical images of the southern stereotype into our culture. Often, movie makers will focus on undesirable characteristics, but they are almost always based in fact. Much of what is believed to be true of today’s southerners stem from the culture’s ancestors’ actions or beliefs. These likeable characteristics have come to be accepted as widespread truths and a part of American life. Diffused through media broadcasters over the past fifty years, Americans from all regions of the country have welcomed and embraced the southern type along with all the distinguishing traditions, foods, beliefs, apparel, folklore and superstitions. Cartoons, caricatures, comedy sketches, television commercials, advertisements, situation comedies, movies, editorials, news programs, comic books, music, novels, and television dramas have all helped to capture and immortalize this fascination of the southern stereotype. Yearning for a simpler time, society sometimes craves the patriotic, down-home qualities of the good country people. In response, the mass media relents and continues to draw enthusiasts to those television shows featuring southern stereotypes. The Andy Griffith Show, perhaps one of the most adorable and enduring television programs of all time, features a full cast of southern stereotypes (hicks and hillbillies) and re-runs of the popular family comedy just as popular today as they ever were. Other popular and charming television shows centering on southerners include: Hee Haw, The Beverly Hillbillies, Pettticoat Junction, Green Acres, Gomer Pyle U. S. M. C. , Matlock, In the Heat of the Night, The Waltons, and Designing Women. Although the characters are often portrayed as backward, slow, and ignorant, the shows are lined with good nature and moral lessons. Viewers admire their quaint ways with a warm attitude. Joan Voight wrote an interesting piece in AdWeek Magazine regarding advertising and stereotypes. Within the article, Voight cited advertising professional, Jim Ferguson. â€Å"Everything is too politically correct. Humor is always at the expense of somebody, but the only groups you can make fun of anymore are Texans and Italians. † (Voight, 17). America has become a nation filled with the notion that any labeling and stereotyping should be discarded and Americans should be offered rights of protection from anything that may offend or trample on one’s beliefs, feelings, or cultural identity. Unlike other persecuted groups, southerners have made little attempt to diffuse or negate the southern stereotype within the mass media. Should southerners insist that the media apply the same, overbearing rules of political correctness, it may result in a destruction of the true and cherished culture. Doug Nye, a writer for The State newspaper, cites author John Jakes. â€Å"Maybe it’s because southerners just haven’t gotten around to adopting ‘victimhood’ as a policy. They don’t have a lobbying group,† Many of the southerners’ old-fashioned characteristics such as forthrightness, fine manners, hospitality, chivalry, honor, and noble morals could be forsaken and forgotten. (Nye, 2). Believe it or not, Elvis Presley continues to rule and define southern tradition from the grave. Allison Graham, a professor of media and communication studies at the University of Memphis notes that Elvis never appeased audiences with renderings of Shakespeare. â€Å"Elvis veered dramatically from the established path to national acceptance. He stayed unreconstructed to the end of his life. † (Graham, 116). Having been labeled as a howling hillbilly and a hillbilly clown, Americans still embraced this southern Memphis boy and elevated him to a cultural icon. Today, countless followers of this distinguished southerner still flock to his Memphis homestead, attend Elvis conventions, and impersonate his southern style of entertainment. Elvis is one of many who may have fit the media’s stereotype but ignored the criticisms and pressed forward to gain unprecedented favor with America’s culture. Strong into the twenty-first century, the redneck and hillbilly phenomenon continues to thrive. Jeff Foxworthy popularized the genre of southern humor with â€Å"You Might Be a Redneck, If †¦Ã¢â‚¬  jokes that have a universal attraction with nearly all audiences. Mocking his own people, Foxworthy evokes more humor than ridicule from outside entities. Another television example is the animated television show, King of the Hill. This situation comedy appears realistic and true to life as a Texas family are the victims of irreverent satire. Again, television writers and producers have managed to capture and maintain a large viewing audience who find the southern stereotype charming. Although many continue to fight against any portrayal of the southern stereotype, the hillbilly image is here to stay and it should remain within our media and culture for many more decades to come. Is it possible to define American culture without the southern stereotype? It is a part of America’s regional culture, it is an appealing element to the American way of life, and it should be both preserved and celebrated.

The Second Amendment of the Constitution Essay -- 2nd Amendment Constit

The Second Amendment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms, shall not be infringed.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This timeless phrase, the Second Amendment of the United States’ Constitution, is an enduring example of the principles and ideals that our country was founded on. With this statement, the founders of this country explicitly and perpetually guaranteed the American individual the right to keep and bear arms. An incomparably crucial element of this country‘s origins, the Second Amendment and the rights it guarantees have proved vital to the growth and success of our nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Second Amendment has often been the subject of debate, and over the years varying speculations and interpretations of its intended meaning have forced this significant phrase into a controversial spotlight. Many Americans question the importance and legitimacy of the Second Amendment, claiming that it is outdated and invalid. An increasing number of people feel that the Second Amendment should be fully eradicated from the Constitution, and new restrictions outlining firearm ownership should be implemented. Furthermore, in addition to questioning the validity of the phrase, many people question the literal meaning of the Second Amendment. Through critical analysis of the text itself, including tedious speculation of grammar and punctuation, many ...

Intermolecular Forces Essay

Intermolecular forces exist between independent particles, such as atoms, ions, or molecules. They can be forces of either attraction or repulsion. The amount of charge, how it is distributed, and the length of time that a charge distribution exists can affect the strength of intermolecular forces. And despite having variable force strengths, all intermolecular forces are considered weak compared to chemical bonds, or intramolecular forces. Chemical bonds are not only stronger; they are also more permanent. The energy costs involved in breaking chemical bonds are much higher than ones needed to overcome intermolecular forces. There are five types of intermolecular forces: ion-ion forces, ion-dipole forces, ion-induced dipole/dipole-induced dipole forces, dipole-dipole forces, and London dispersion forces. Generally, we expect ion-ion forces to be the strongest, followed by ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, and then London dispersion forces. Of course, many exceptions to this hierarchy of strength exist. In order to properly differentiate between these forces, it is important to know what must be present in order for each interaction to occur. Ion-ion forces only involve ions in mixtures of substances. Ion-ion forces can be either attractive (cation-anion) or repulsive (cation-cation/anion-anion) and the strength varies depending on charge and size. Ion-dipole forces occur in mixtures between ions and polar molecules. The anions gravitate toward positive regions of dipoles while the cations gravitate toward negative regions. With dipoles, the strength of the forces depends upon the polarity of the molecule (or charge magnitude) and how compact the molecule is. If a molecule is more compact, there is better access to the center of charge and stronger attraction to its neighbors. Induced dipoles occur when nonpolar molecules come in the vicinity of polar or charged particles and become polar themselves. As an ion or dipole moves closer to the nonpolar molecule, a shift occurs in its electrons, throwing off its nonpolar symmetry and making it polar. Depending on what produces this change, it will have either attractive ion-induced dipole or dipole-induced dipole forces. These may occur in pure substances or mixtures. Dipole-dipole forces may occur between the polar molecules of a pure substance, or between two different polar molecules. The positive regions of one dipole will attract the negative regions of another and vice versa. The dipoles tend to align in a way that increases the number of attractions and reduces the number of repulsions. The strength of the force can vary with polarity: the more polar the molecules are, the more strongly they interact with each other. Hydrogen bonding is considered a special case of dipole-dipole interaction. While dipole-dipole forces are generally considered to be fairly weak, hydrogen bonding is unusually strong, especially in water. This particular type of bonding occurs when a hydrogen atom is involved in an extremely polar covalent bond, such as H-N, H-O, or H-F, and is attracted to the lone pair of a highly electronegative atom (either F, N, or O) on a separate molecule. These may also occur in pure substances. The weakest of the intermolecular forces are the London dispersion forces. These forces occur between atoms or molecules of nonpolar substances and are present in both pure substances and mixtures. A way to predict the types of intermolecular forces present is by looking at the chemical formula, specifically whether the interacting species are polar or nonpolar. Ion-dipole forces occur between ions and polar molecules. Dipole-dipole forces (including hydrogen bonding) only occur between polar molecules. Induced dipoles occur between polar and nonpolar molecules. If there were only nonpolar molecules, they would be London dispersion forces (but keep in mind that these forces also exist in every other kind of interaction). In the case of ion-ion forces, polarity does not matter in identifying forces, as it only involves ions and would be fairly obvious. Knowing what we do about intermolecular forces and their relative strengths, we can make a few assumptions about which forces would be present in different phases under standard conditions. Being that solids are the most difficult to break apart, we would assume that the strongest intermolecular forces (ion-ion, hydrogen bonding) would be found within them. Liquids have a greater ability to flow because the intermolecular forces are weaker than in the solid phase, so we would assume that these would involve ion-dipole and induced dipole forces. We would also assume that the weakest intermolecular forces correspond to the gas phase, meaning dipole-dipole and London dispersion forces. Intermolecular forces influence physical properties of each phase: gas, liquid, and solid. They can cause real gases to deviate from ideal gas behavior. They can also govern the motion of molecules; molecules in gases move constantly and randomly, they slide past each other freely in liquids, and vibrate in fixed positions in solids. The heats required to melt a solid (heat of fusion) and to vaporize a liquid (heat of vaporization) change depending on the strengths of the intermolecular forces. In liquids, water will form beads upon contact with waxed surfaces (e. . car hoods) because of the imbalance of how intermolecular forces act upon surface molecules and the symmetrical distribution of forces experienced by interior molecules. So, the stronger the intermolecular forces, the larger the surface tension. Capillary action is another example of the effect of the imbalance of intermolecular forces. If the intermolecular interactions between the particles of a liquid and a solid are stronger than the intermolecular forces acting between the liquid’s own particles, the liquid near the walls of the solid will rise. Other properties of liquids that can be affected by intermolecular forces are boiling point and critical temperature and pressure. In crystalline solids, the stronger the forces are, the more rigid the crystal is. This is because the stronger intermolecular forces in the solid fix the particles in place. Overall, understanding intermolecular forces is essential to understand gas, liquid, and solid phases, as well as the phase changes between them.